新疆蒙库地区那林卡拉组地质特征简述     

孙成旺  叶征宇  徐争强 《四川地质学报》2011,(4):383-385

下石炭统那林卡拉组中化石含量相当丰富,地层中沉积岩韵律也较为清晰,那林卡拉组位于新疆蒙库地区,通过对该地层的工作及资料收集以及对该组的地质特征的一些简单的认识来简述该地层的地质特征.  相似文献   

西藏改则地区班公湖-怒江结合带内上三叠统 的发现及其地质意义     

马德胜  熊兴国  蒋开源  李月森  龙胜清  曾禹人 《地质通报》2011,30(11):1701-1705

三叠系在班公湖-怒江结合带两侧仅有少量露头。早三叠世是怒江洋盆初始演化的开始,由于晚二叠世-早三叠 世大规模的海退持续和地壳的抬升,地层遭受剥蚀,整个班公湖-怒江结合带内缺乏完整的三叠系地层系统,对怒江 洋的演化缺乏完整的物质记录。此次有古生物化石依据的上三叠统的发现,为探讨洋盆的演化提供了较好的依据,也 为区域地层对比、地层格架建立、古环境分析等提供了基础资料。  相似文献   

山东诸城晚白垩世古地震事件与恐龙化石埋藏   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何碧竹  乔秀夫  田洪水  陈树清  张艳霞 《古地理学报》2011,13(6):615-626

在山东诸城库沟、龙骨涧、西见屯集群恐龙化石埋藏层——上白垩统王氏群辛格庄组与红土崖组中,发现存在脆性、塑性及液化等多种类型的软沉积物变形构造,主要包括负载构造、球一枕构造、挤入构造(火焰构造)、液化卷曲变形、液化脉状构造、混插沉积构造及地震断裂等典型的粗碎屑沉积物形成的古地震记录.多层的软沉积物变形构造及未变形沉积层间...  相似文献   

电子自旋共振(ESR)化石测年及其在晚新生代动物群年代学研究中的应用     

韩非  尹功明  刘春茹  李建平 《第四纪研究》2015,35(3)

动物群化石组合通常被用来限定地层的相对年代,但很难给出地质事件的精确时间.电子自旋共振(ESR)方法能够对化石样品本身直接测年,测年范围可以覆盖更新世和上新世.ESR化石测年的难点之一在于化石中铀放射性衰变体系的开放性.通过与铀系分析相结合,可以更精确的重建牙齿化石中铀元素的迁移过程,进而获得更可靠的年龄.本文对ESR化石测年方法进行了介绍,并展示了该方法在国内外动物群年代学研究中的一些应用.通过与生物地层学相结合,ESR化石测年方法为晚新生代地质和动物考古学年代学研究提供了一种更直接的绝对测年手段.  相似文献   

西藏改则盆地渐新世-中中新世沉积物中矿物组合特征及其对气候的指示意义     

陈江军  洪汉烈  刘钊  宋鄂平  王朝文  姜高磊  殷科  张克信 《岩石矿物学杂志》2015,34(3):393-404

为了揭示西藏改则地区渐新世-中中新世古气候环境演化,结合改则盆地的沉积环境和沉积相,并利用X射线粉晶衍射对改则盆地的样品进行了全岩分析。结果表明,沉积物中主要矿物组成为石英、长石、方解石和少量白云石等,通过沉积物中矿物含量变化和石英/长石的比值显示青藏高原改则盆地康托组在气候总体为干冷的大背景下经历了4个阶段:Ⅰ(早渐新世):石英含量最高,碳酸盐矿物次之,长石含量最少,白云石在该阶段出现频繁,且含量变化明显,指示气候以季节性干旱为主;Ⅱ(晚渐新世):石英含量最高,但相比上一阶段有所下降,碳酸盐矿物和长石含量增加,指示气候进一步趋向干冷化;Ⅲ(早中新世):石英含量最高,但相比之前两个阶段进一步减少,长石含量进一步增加,碳酸盐总体呈现增加趋势,特别是白云石,相比之前两个阶段含量增加明显以及下降的石英/长石比值,指示气候变得更为干冷;Ⅳ(中中新世):石英含量相对上一阶段有所增加,长石和碳酸盐矿物含量降低,石英/长石比值也有所增长,但相比Ⅰ和Ⅱ阶段仍然较小,指示该阶段气候虽有所回升,但依旧处于干冷环境下。对比青藏高原隆升和全球气候变化,可知改则盆地气候阶段性变化可能是高原隆升和全球气候变化共同影响的结果。  相似文献   

A New Species of Tsuga (Pinaceae) based on Lignified Wood from the Late Miocene of Central Yunnan, China, and Its Paleoenvironmental Implications     

WANG Haobo  Olesia V. BONDARENKO  Frédéric M. B. JACQUES  WANG Yuehu  ZHOU Zhekun 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(5):1429-1439

A new species, Tsuga nanfengensis sp. nov. (Pinaceae), is described on the basis of lignified fossil wood from the late Miocene of the Xianfeng Basin, central Yunnan, southwestern China. Detailed observation of the fossil wood specimens show the following characteristics: distinct growth rings, absence of resin canals, uniseriate bordered pits in the radial wall of tracheids, ray tracheids and piceoid and cupressoid cross-field pits. These features indicate similarities to the wood of extant Tsuga canadensis, T. chinensis, and T. dumosa. According to the fossil record, Tsuga was present in Xundian County during the Miocene. Today Tsuga is drought intolerant, preferring wet conditions with no extant species growing naturally in Xundian County. The presence of Tsuga in the Miocene of Xundian County indicates a humid climate consistent with previous palaeoclimatic reconstructions showing a wetter and probably shorter dry season in the Miocene, relative to the present day. Therefore, the change in the local climate such as increasing aridity through the Miocene might explain the local extinction of Tsuga from central Yunnan.  相似文献   

华南伊迪卡拉(震旦)系顶部建阶层型和界线层型新资料     

唐烽  高林志  尹崇玉  王约  顾鹏 《地质通报》2015,34(12):2150-2162

新元古代与寒武纪之交,即伊迪卡拉纪—寒武纪过渡期,是地球历史上一个重大的地质突变期,出现了一系列地质环境变化事件和生物快速演化事件。云南东部位于扬子地区西南缘,在前寒武纪—寒武纪过渡期属于开放式浅水台地至台缘斜坡环境,是中国伊迪卡拉(震旦)系顶部与底寒武统基本连续沉积的典型地区,也曾是中国震旦系与寒武系界线层型候选剖面所在地。近年来,在此新发现了更为丰富的宏体藻类化石、遗迹化石和伊迪卡拉生物群的疑似后生动物化石等(江川生物群),以及大量以条带状Shaanxilithes为代表的宏体化石层。相关剖面自下而上从灯影组至磷矿沉积层(中谊村段)出露有连续的宏体化石记录,研究后可以细分伊迪卡拉系顶部灯影峡阶的化石带,并与底寒武统晋宁阶、梅树村阶对接,具有作为标准层型剖面的较大潜力,为伊迪卡拉纪末期年代地层单位的建阶分层、对比及确立层型剖面,以及与寒武纪最早期年代地层的界线划分提供了更为理想的标准。  相似文献   

富钴结壳中矿物组成对稀土元素分布的制约     

张平萍  初凤友  李小虎 《海洋学报》2015,37(5):136-147

为探讨富钴结壳中矿物组成对稀土元素分布的制约,对约翰斯顿岛富钴结壳中矿物组成及稀土元素特征进行了研究。依据主要矿物组成,富钴结壳可以分为3种类型,分别命名为A、B、C。由A到C,水羟锰矿含量逐渐降低,B类中磷灰石含量最高,C类中水钠锰矿和钙锰矿含量最高。A类结壳中富集REE3+、Ce,B类结壳中富集Ce和Y。A类富钴结壳中,REE3+、Y以专属吸附的方式富集在铁氧化物上,Ce3+氧化成Ce4+与其他REE分离,吸附在锰矿物上。B类结壳中,稀土元素主要以独立矿物的形式存在,另有部分Ce、LREE3+吸附于铁相中,部分Y存在于磷灰石中。C类结壳中,稀土元素主要赋存在锰矿物中,部分Y存在于磷灰石中。  相似文献   

Does the Port 2000 harbour construction have an effect on the Seine estuary suprabenthic community?     

Jean-Claude Dauvin  Sandrine Alizier  Carole Vallet  Thierry Ruellet 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

Using a Before/During/After protocol, the effects of Port 2000 (the Le Havre harbour extension) on the suprabenthic communities in the Northern Channel of the Seine estuary (English Channel) were examined from March 2001 to March 2009. Since the beginning of Port 2000 construction in 2002, there have been several changes in the hydrological and sedimentary characteristics in the North Channel, including changes in current velocity, bottoms salinity and sand accumulation, as well as in the benthic communities themselves, moving from mud to medium and coarse sand communities. For the suprabenthos, changes were moderate, corresponding to an increase in species richness in the upper-part of the North Channel and a decrease in species density in the dominant mysids species (i.e., mainly Mesopodospsis slabberi) over time. Due to hydrological changes since the beginning of the Port 2000 project (several years of low freshwater input) it has been difficult to attribute the biological changes to Port 2000 construction only. In the future, the results obtained for the suprabenthos will have to be compared to those obtained for the macrobenthos. Similarly, since the suprabenthos is known to play an important role in the estuarine trophic chain, it will also be essential to estimate the fish distribution in the North Channel and to examine their stomach contents to evaluate the probable changes since the Port 2000 project began.  相似文献   

Vegetation in western Central Mexico during the last 50 000 years: modern analogs and climate in the Zacapu Basin     

A. Correa‐Metrio  S. Lozano‐García  S. Xelhuantzi‐López  S. Sosa‐Nájera  S. E. Metcalfe 《第四纪科学杂志》2012,27(5):509-518

The late glacial and the transition towards the Holocene marked a period of significant environmental change at a global scale. In western Central Mexico, few records span beyond the Holocene, and little is known about Pleistocene climatic and environmental variability. Here we report on the pollen record of a composite sequence made of three cores that cover the last 50 ka (thousands of calibrated radiocarbon years before present) in the Zacapu Basin, western Central Mexico (～1970 m asl). The conjunction of modern pollen rain from the area with the composite fossil pollen sequence from cores Cantabria, Cantabria 1 and CEMCA Point‐1 provided a detailed history of the vegetation of the area. Recognition of modern environmental patterns through individual modern pollen taxa proved difficult, but multivariate analysis separated different vegetation types. No‐modern‐analog communities relative to the modern vegetation cover of the area were evident, especially during periods of drought. Apparently, summer precipitation was significant before 40 ka and after the deglaciation. However, this moisture source declined from ～40 to 10 ka because tradewinds from the Gulf of Mexico were blocked by the eastern mountains of Central Mexico as a result of lower temperatures. By contrast, westerly and northerly winds were enhanced by maximum ice cover from ～19 to 17 ka, providing abundant winter precipitation and therefore preventing extreme drought in the area. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献